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Glossary

Showing 48 of 248 terms

Sepals
The outermost flower structures which usually enclose the other flower parts. This part of the calyx is usually green, but can sometimes be brightly colored. See drawing of flower parts.

Serrate
A leaf margin with sharp teeth pointing forward, like a saw.

Sessile
Without a stalk. See drawing of leaf attachments.

Sheath
The lower part of the grass leaf which wraps around the stem. See drawing of parts of a grass plant.

Short grass
A grass that grows less than two feet tall.

Silicle
A short, broad, often flat, 2-celled fruit of the Mustard Family. See drawing of fruits.

Silique
A long, slender, many-seeded, cylindrical fruit of the Mustard Family. See drawing of fruits.

Sorus
A cluster of spore-bearing structures on the undersurface of a fern leaf. Plural sori.

Spadix
Fleshy, cylindric spike of small flowers.

Spathe
An enlarged leaf-like bract that surrounds or partially encloses an inflorescence.

Spatulate
Spoon-shaped. See drawing of leaf shapes.

Species
The taxanomic category subordinate to a genus. A group of like individuals. The second part of a scientific name identifies a particular species. (See Genus)

Spike
An elongated, unbranched inflorescence with the flowers or spikelets usually stalkless. See drawing of inflorescence types.

Spikelet
A unit of inflorescence in grasses. A small group of grass flowers. See drawing of parts of a grass plant.

Spinose
Terminating in a rigid, tapering, sharp extension of the primary vein.

Spore
Reproductive body capable of developing into a new individual (ferns).

Squarrose
Spreading or recurved at the end.

Stamen
The male reproductive (pollen-bearing) structure of a flower, composed of the anther and filament.

Staminate
A flower or plant that has only stamens. A male plant or flower.

Staminode
A sterile stamen.

Stigma
The part of the pistil that receives the pollen. See drawing of flower parts.

Stipitate
Having a stipe (small stalk).

Stipule
Leaflike appendages on either side at the base of the leaf petiole.

Stolon
A stem that grows horizontally along the surface of the ground. These above-ground runners take root at the joints or tips, forming new plants. See drawing of parts of a grass plant.

Striate
Marked with fine, parallel lines or minute ridges.

Strigose
Covered with short, stiff, straight hairs or bristles that are sharply bent at the base and appressed (flatly pressed against the surface). See pubescence drawings.

Subulate
Taper from the base to a narrow or sharp point; awl-shaped.

Subverticillate
Nearly veticillate.

Tall grass
A grass that grows more than four feet tall.

Taproot
The main root extending downward.

Tepals
Sepals and petals similar in color and form and not readily distinguishable from one another.

Terete
Cylindrical and slender.

Thallus
Vegetative part of a shoot when not differentiated into stem and leaves.

Thyrse
An often slender, elongate, panicle-like inflorescence that consists of few-flowered cymes.

Tiller
A lateral shoot on or just under the surface of the ground. A shoot from the base of a plant.

Tomentose
Densely covered with short, soft hairs that are matted. Feels "woolly" to the touch. See pubescence drawings.

Trifoliolate
Having three leaves or leaflets.

Truncate
Ending abrubtly. The end appears cut-off straight across.

Tuber
An enlarged underground stem that serves as a food storage organ.

Tufted
Many stems growing in clusters which are attached at the base and free at the ends.

Umbel
A flat-topped or rounded flower cluster with the flowers on stalks (pedicels) arising from a common point. See drawing of inflorescence types.

Uncinate
hooked at the tip or in the form of a hook.

Utricle
A dry, indehiscent, one-seeded fruit with a thin pericarp and derived from a simple, superior ovary.

Verticillaster
Pairs of opposite cymes arranged in a circle around the stem.

Verticillate
Arranged in a circle around the stem, like the spokes of a wheel.

Villose
Densely covered with long, soft hairs. Appears "shaggy". See pubescence drawings.

Weed
A plant that interferes with the management objectives at a particular location. It is a plant growing where it is not wanted. Under certain situations, the plant may not be totally undesirable.

Whorl
Three or more leaves, bracts or flowers attached in a circle or ring at the same point on a stem, like the spokes of a wheel. See drawing of leaf arrangements.