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European sweet-flag

Acorus calamus L.

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European sweet-flag leaves
European sweet-flag
European sweet-flag
European sweet-flag spadix

Morphology

Stem
Aerial stems absent. Herbage usually aromatic; from branched and creeping rhizomes.
Leaves
Basal, simple, crowded, erect; stipules absent; petioles absent; blade bright green, linear, 35 to 40 inches long, 1/3 to 1 inch wide, sword-shaped, parallel-veined, midvein usually off-center, margins entire.
Inflorescence
Spadix subtended by erect, leaf-like spathe, 8 to 24 inches, which extends beyond spadix; spadix diverging from scape, cylindric, 1.6 to 3.6 inches long, .2 to .4 inch wide, tapered, apex obtuse.
Flower
Bisexual; radially symmetric; tepals 6, distinct; stamens 6, distinct; style 1; stigma 1.
Fruit
Fruits are not produced.

Ecology

Habitat
Marshes, swamps, and backwater areas along rivers
Distribution
Scattered in east 3/4 of Kansas

Practical Information

Uses
Introduced to North American for its medicinal uses. Native Americans used sweet-flag as a medicine and for ceremonial uses. It provides habitat for waterfowl.

Additional Notes

Comments

This species is a sterile triploid. Acorus historically has been placed in the Araceae. The name Acorus calamus long has been applied to North American plants, but evidence supports recognition of two species: the European A. calamus and the native A. americanus (Raf.) Raf. Acorus americanus occurs in eastern Nebraska but has not been found in Kansas.

Quick Facts
Plant Type
Wildflower
Family
Acoraceae - Sweet-flag Family
Life Span
Perennial
Height
To 5 feet
Origin
Introduced
Last Updated
2014-04-19
Color Groups
White, Green & Greenish White Wildflowers
Flowering Period
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Blooms: May, June, July, August