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Burdock

Also known as: common burdock, lesser burdock

Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh.

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Burdock leaf
Burdock leaf
Burdock achenes
Burdock
Burdock
Burdock
Burdock inflorescence
Burdock achenes
Burdock leaf

Morphology

Stem
Erect, branched, minutely pubescent.
Leaves
Basal and cauline, alternate; petiole present; blade cordate to ovate, 12 to 24 inches long, 6 to 14 inches wide, base acuminate or sagittate, margins entire to undulate or coarsely toothed, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces sparsely to densely tomentose.
Inflorescence
Heads discoid, in raceme-like or panicle-like arrays; involucres spherical, .6 to 1.6 inch; phyllaries many, in 9-17 series, narrowly lanceolate to linear, margins entire, apex long-attenuate and hooked, at least on outer phyllaries; receptacles flat, not pitted, minutely bristly.
Flower
Florets 25-40, bisexual, fertile; corolla purple to pink or white, .28 to .5 inch.
Fruit
Achenes dark brown, obovoid, .2 to .28 inch, glabrous; pappus of white barbellate bristles .04 to .1 inch.

Ecology

Habitat
Stream banks, thickets, and shaded waste places
Distribution
Principally east half of Kansas, but scattered in northwest quarter.

Practical Information

Uses
The root of burdock was used medicinally by the ancient Greeks and during Medieval times. Native Americans applied a poultice of the leaves to boils and rheumatism and boiled its root and took the tea as a remedy for pleurisy.

Additional Notes

Comments

Plants not spiny. As the achenes ripen, the hooked phyllaries of the involucre become rigid and can catch on clothing or in the hair of animals and are pulled off and carried away, scattering the achenes. Arctium bear, alluding to the roughness of the involucre and minus, smaller.

Quick Facts
Plant Type
Wildflower
Family
Asteraceae - Sunflower Family
Life Span
Biennial
Height
20-60 inches
Origin
Introduced
Last Updated
2016-08-06
Color Groups
Blue, Purple, Lavender & Violet Wildflowers
Flowering Period
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Blooms: July, August, September, October